Star Plot

Star Plots illustrate multiple variables for location or other observation shown. The resulting lines around each primary point then allow for comparison against the star plots for other locations or observations.

This image shows the star plots for 16 different cars. The variable shown are as follows:

1 Price
2 Mileage (MPG)
3 1978 Repair Record (1 = Worst, 5 = Best)
4 1977 Repair Record (1 = Worst, 5 = Best)
5 Headroom
6 Rear Seat Room
7 Trunk Space
8 Weight
9 Length

http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/eda/section3/gif/starplot.gif

Correlation Matrix

A Correlation Matrix describes the correlation among a number of variables. It can sometimes be considered a type of Similarity Matrix because as two variables have greater correlations would often be considered as similar.

In this instance, however, the correlation of certain aspects of wine are shown.

http://rattle.togaware.com/rattle-correlation.png

Similarity Matrix

A Similarity Matrix compares the similarity of a set of data. This matrix shows repetition in the Beatles' song, "Hey Jude".

Discussion
1. The "deep blue" part along the off-diagonal lines of similarity matrix represents repeating parts.
2. The chorus is easier to detect from the similarity matrix than the verse.
3. The dissimilar part between very similar parts is usually instrument playing without vocal sounds.
4. In Beatles' "Hey, Jude", the second half over 2 minutes is composed of one sentence only. It repeats many, many times. Salute to you, Beatles.

http://www-scf.usc.edu/~ise575/a/projects/shiu/website/

Stem and Leaf Plot

A Stem and Leaf Plot shows the shape and distribution of data.

This image plots students grades.

http://www.uow.edu.au/student/attributes/statlit/modules/module2/shapedist.html

Box Plot

A Box Plot, or box and whisker
diagram, provides a simple
graphical summary of a set of
data.

It shows a measure of central
location (the median), the average,
and measures of dispersion.

Box Plots are especially useful
when comparing two or more sets of data

http://www.physics.csbsju.edu/stats/box2.html

In statistics, a Histogram is a graphical display of tabulated frequencies, shown as bars. It shows what proportion of cases fall into each of several categories.

A Histogram differs from a Bar Chart in that it is the area of the bar that denotes the value, not the height as in bar charts, a crucial distinction when the categories are not of uniform width.

http://www.aivosto.com/project/help/pm-histogram.gif

Parallel Coordinate Graph

Multivariate relations are obtained through the use of Parallel Coordinate Graphs. Specific properties of the relationship correspond to the geometrical properties of the graph.

http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~cook/movabletype/mlm/mdg1.png

Triangular Plot

A Triangular Plot is a graph of 3 variables. It is most often used in geologic studies to show the relative compositions of soils and rocks, but it can be more generally applied to any system of three variables.

http://www.dplot.com/triangle_plot.htm

Wind Rose

The windrose chart is named for charts of wind speed and direction. Windrose charts are a type of histogram which are useful when the extreme values of the histogram's midpoint variable are related. Typical applications include histograms involving direction, clock time, or other cyclical values.

http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/graphref/59607/HTML/default/a003117074.htm

Climograph

A climograph is a graphical depiction of the monthly precipitation and temperature conditions for a selected place. Precipitation is shown by the bar graph. A line graph depicts temperature.

http://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/ritter/glossary/a_d/climograph.html

Population Pyramid

Population Pyramids are graphs that show the distribution of population by age and sex.

This Population Pyramid illustrates the population distribution of the Turks and Caicos Islands.

http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/ipc/idbpyrs.pl?cty=TK&out=s&ymax=300&submit=Submit+Query

Scatterplot

A scatterplot is a useful summary of a set of bivariate data (two variables), usually drawn before working out a linear correlation coefficient or fitting a regression line. It gives a good visual picture of the relationship between the two variables, and aids the interpretation of the correlation coefficient or regression model.

Each unit contributes one point to the Scatterplot, on which points are plotted but not joined. The resulting pattern indicates the type and strength of the relationship between the two variables.

http://www.stat.yale.edu/Courses/1997-98/101/scatter.htm

Index Value Plot

An Index Value Plot is another type of visualization map. An index value (not an absolute value) is plotted on a line graph.

This Index Value Plot shows real-time stream flow for the United States over the past 45 days (October - December 2008), and can be found at http://water.usgs.gov/waterwatch/?m=real&w=plot

Lorenz Curve

A graph for showing the concentration of ownership of economic quantities such as wealth and income; it is formed by plotting the cumulative distribution of the amount of the variable concerned against the cumulative frequency distribution of the individuals possessing the amount.

http://www.answers.com/topic/lorenz-curve

Bilateral Graph

A Bilateral Line Graph plots two related variables and illustrates the intersection and overlap between the two.

http://waysandmeans.house.gov/hearings.asp?formmode=printfriendly&id=905

Nominal Choropleth

A Nominal Choropleth Map is a choropleth map that does not use a scale of numbers as its differentiating criteria. Instead the data set is often words. In such maps, an assortment of colors can be used as the intensity of the color is not meant to indicate an intensity of data. In this example, each state is color coded based upon its political party leanings.

http://www.noddit.com/News/2008-Electoral-College-Map

Unstandardized Choropleth

Unstandardized Choropleth Maps do not aerially average data. The map shown here illustrates the number of Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFO) per state. In order to make this map standardized, the cartographer might have presented instead the number of CAFOs per square mile for example.

http://www.factoryfarm.org/images/gfx_map.gif

Standardized Choropleth Map

A Standardized Choropleth Map aerially averages data. This is generally preferable so that states or other areal units can be accurately compared.

This map shows the average annual pay per state in 1999.

http://www.jsu.edu/depart/geography/mhill/port/mw/choropleth.html

Bivariate Choropleth

A Bivariate Choropleth Map overlays two sets of data on one choropleth map. The map shown here illustrates median house values (with dot shading) and 1997 population (with color variations) for Ohio counties.

http://gis.esri.com/library/userconf/proc99/proceed/papers/pap171/p171.htm

Unclassed Choropleth

An Unclassed Choropleth Map does not provide a scale or set number of classes into which states are categorized. There could be as many colors as there are states. In this instance, the intensity of the color is meant to indicate the intensity of data. The darker states in this map are shown to have a higher population density.

http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~good/176b/usdensity.jpg

Range Graded Proportional Circle Map

Like Continuously Variable Proportional Circle Maps, Range Graded Proportional Circle Maps also demonstrate a given variable through the use of circles which are proportionally sized according to the quantity of the variable present at the location on the map. The difference is that Range Graded Proportional Circle Maps use a set number of circle sizes which correlate to a set range.

In this instance, each of the four circle sizes relates to a set quantity of zinc found in the Selwyn Basin, Yukon.

http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/mindep/synth_dep/sedex/images/fig17.jpg